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    • Ultrasound

        
    ©Oswald Pauwels M&L

    Echography

    The human ear can only perceive sounds with a frequency between 20 and 20000 pulses per second. We cannot ear Infrasounds(below 20) and ultrasounds(above 20000) but these sounds exist.
    Pierre CURIE, husband of Marie CURIE(she won Nobel prizes in physics in 1903 and chemistry in 1911) had discovered in 1880 how ultrasound could be produced but it was his former trainee P.LANGEVIN who expanded on the study of the properties of ultrasound in water and produced the first sonar instrument in 1916. Sonar became a very effective defensive weapon for localization of submarines during World War II.
    The sonar instrument emits ultrasound which is reflected by objects in water , the reflected sounds (echo) are converted to images. Medical echography is based on the same technology and is used mainly for analysis of organs in the abdomen e.g.. follow up of the development of a foetus.